Karl Mack Yon Leiberich, baron, an Austrian general, born at Neuslingen, Franconia, Aug. 25, 1752, died at St. Polten, near Vienna, Oct. 22,1828. He rose from humble life, served in Turkey under Laudon, and against France in the Netherlands in 1792-'3. Appointed in 1798 generalissimo of the Neapolitan troops, he was defeated by Macdonald and Champion-net, and incurring the suspicion of the Neapolitans, gave himself up to the French generals, by whom he was sent as prisoner to Paris, but made his escape and held command in Tyrol, Dalmatia, and Italy in 1804, and in S. W. Germany in 1805. Surrounded by Napoleon's armies, he surrendered the fortress of Ulm (Oct. 20, 1805) with a garrison of about 23,000 men, among whom were 18 general officers, with 40 stands of colors and 60 pieces of artillery. The spectacle of the triumph of the French at Ulm had a powerful influence on the subsequent undertakings during the war. Mack was sentenced to death by an Austrian court martial; but his sentence was commuted, and he was cashiered and condemned to 20 years1 imprisonment.

He was set free after two years' detention, but was not pardoned till 1819.