Karl Joseph Anton M1ttermaier, a German jurist, born in Munich, Aug. 5, 1787, died in Heidelberg. Aug. 28, 1867. He studied at Landshut and Heidelberg, was for many years professor in the former university, and in 1819 removed to Bonn. In 1821 he accepted the chair of jurisprudence at Heidelberg, which he retained until his death. He defended trial by jury in Germany, and sustained (theoretically) the codification of the French civil law against the attacks of Hugo, Savigny, and others. His Lehrbuch des deutschen Privatrechts (Lands-hut, 1821) was subsequently merged in his Grundsatze den gemeinen deutschen Privat-rechts, rait Eimchlussdes Handel-, Wechsel- und - erechts (2 vols., Ratisbon, 1837-8). His first work on criminal law, Handbuchdes pein-lichen Prozesses (2 vols.. Heidelberg, 1810-12), was republished, enlarged and modified, under the title of Pas deutsche Strafverfahren in der Fortlrildung durch Gerichtsgebrauch und Par-ticulargesetzgebung (2 vols., 1832), and has passed through many editions. The principles relating to the examination of witnesses in criminal law are expounded in his Theorie des Beweises im peinlichen Prozesse (2 vols., Darmstadt, 1821), in Pie Lehre rom Peweise im deutschen Strafprozesse (1834; French translation, 184s; Spanish, 1851), and in his Anlei-tung znr Vertheidigungskunst im Criminal prozesse (translated into Italian by Garba, 1858). His manual of criminal law (Lehrbuch den Criminal prozesses) has passed through numerous editions.

A comprehensive exposition of the principles upon which civil trials should be conducted is contained in his Per gemeine dutsehe biirgerliche Prozess (1820-'26). His Die Mundlichkeit, das Anklageprincip, die Otlichknt und das Geschworenengericht Stuttgart, I840), brings the investigation and the enactments relating to trial by jury down to the period of its publication; and his Pas englische, schottische und nordamerikanische btrafrerfahren (Erlangen, 1801), treats of the administration of justice in England, Scotland, and the United States. His subsequent works include Pie Gefdngnissverbesserung (1858); Per gegemodrtige Zustand der Gefdng-nissfrage (I860); Pie Todesstrafe, etc. (Heidelberg, 1862); and Erfahrungen uber die Wirk-samkeit der Schwurgerichte in Europa und Amerika (1865). Mittermaier was a member of the Baden legislature for nearly 20 years previous to 1841, when his grief at the death of his son caused him to withdraw; during that time he had been three times president of the legislature; and having resumed his seat in 1846, he was again president during the session of 1847-8. In 1848 he was first called upon to preside over the provisional parliament at Frankfort; and he was a member of the German parliament, where he advocated confederation, but opposed all extreme measures.

He frequently visited Italy, and embodied the result of his observations in Palie-nische Zustdnde (Heidelberg, 1844).