Francois Baucher, a French teacher of horsemanship, born at Versailles about the beginning of this century, died in 1873. He invented a system of equine gymnastics, a portion of which, the method of suppling the horse's neck and jaw, has passed into general use and is adopted by every skilful trainer of saddle horses. By a progressive series of flexions the muscles are made so supple and yielding that the animal ceases to bear or pull upon the bit; while by the application of the whole system he comes to have no will except that of his rider. Baucher was repeatedly employed by the French government to train horses for the cavalry service; but the refinements of his method were not suited to that purpose. He had many partisans in foreign countries, and was a personal favorite with the duke of Wellington. He wrote in defence of his system, and his Methode d'equitation basee sur de nouveaux principes (Paris, 1842; 11th ed., 1859) has been translated into many languages. In the United States it has been published under the title "Method of Horsemanship on new Principles" (Philadelphia, 1852).