573 C. Dr. Alfred Backman, of Kalmar, Sweden, published a paper on "Experiments in Clairvoyance" in Proceedings S.P.R., vol. vii. pp. 199-220. His subjects were patients of his own, hypnotised by him for medical treatment, and among them he found a certain number who seemed to possess the clairvoyant faculty. One of the best was Alma Radberg, a maid-servant, aged about twenty-six (the subject of the experiment described in 543 E), and I quote a case that occurred with her. Dr. Backman writes: -

On April 8th, 1890,1 received a letter from Dr. F. Kjellman,1 of Stockholm, in which he asked me to arrange a time at which I should hypnotise Alma, of whom he had heard, and "ask her to find a certain Dr. von B., who was known to her, and describe the room in which he was, the other persons present, the arrangements of the room, etc. Dr. K. had purposely hung something on the chandelier that is not generally there, in order to make the experiment more crucial." In answer to this, I merely sent this telegram," From one to two to-morrow, in your apartment." No further arrangement was made, and Dr. Kjellman's appearance, as well as his apartment, was quite unknown both to me and the clairvoyant, and also to all the persons present with us. Alma was hypnotised in my house at Kalmar, and the record made of the sitting is as follows 1: -

1 Dr. Backman says that all the notes made of the experiments with Dr. Kjellman were sent to the latter before he (Dr. Backman) knew anything about whether they had been successful or not. It is these notes which are reproduced in his paper, without any additions.

April 9th, 1890, at 1.40 p.m. Alma is hypnotised and ordered to go to Stockholm to the apartments of Dr Kjellman. 1. "Is Alma there?" "No." 2. Question repeated. "Yes." 9. "Is there a chandelier hanging from the ceiling?" "No, no chandelier, something more like a lamp." 10. "Do you see anything particular there?" " Something long and narrow is hanging in the chandelier." 11. "What is it made of, stuff or metal?" "It must be metal, I think, and stuff also." 12. "Have you ever seen such a thing?" "No, I never saw anything like it." 13. "Try to see what it is, or what it is called." (No answer.) 14. " What is it used for?" "I do not know what it is used for." "Is it anything used by physicians, or an ornament?" "More like an ornament, larger than a ribbon." 15. "What is it like, what colour is it?" "It is white." 16. "Are there several colours?" "It is also red." 17. "What is the metal like?" "It is white, probably silver." 18. "Are there mountings fixed to the stuff, or stuff on a piece of metal?" "I think the stuff is wound round a piece of metal." 19. "How long and how broad is it?" "A quarter of a yard broad, and three-quarters of a yard long." 20. " What kind of stuff is it?" "Probably silk." 31. "Does the stuff belong to the piece of metal? " " No, it is wound round it for the occasion." 22. "What is it generally used for ? " " It ought to stand on a writing-table." 23. "What is the use of it?" (She does not know.) 24. "Is it fixed to the lamp, or could it be easily taken off?" "It is not fixed firmly." She cannot possibly tell what is hanging in the chandelier.

When awake, she states that she believes it was a pair of scissors for cutting paper, or a paper-knife, that was hanging in the chandelier; and it was probably fixed with a handkerchief....

After having communicated to Dr. Kjellman what Alma had said, I received from him two letters, containing the following information: -

"There was really hanging in the chandelier a large pair of paper-scissors fixed by an india-rubber otoscope, and with a tea-rose and some forget-me-nots in one of the handles of the scissors..".

"Her statement that the object was hanging in a lamp, not in a chandelier, was right. It is both a lamp and a chandelier, and the lamp was drawn down a long way under the chandelier...".

573 D. Some good cases of telepathy and telepathic clairvoyance occurring with hypnotised percipients are given in Dr. Fahnestock's Statuvolism (see especially pp. 127-35 and PP. 221-32). I quote one of these (from pp. 229-32).

1 I quote only the part of the record relating to the object hung on the chandelier. - F. W. H. M.

[A Mr. ------had requested some friends of his at Baltimore to place something in a particular place in a certain house, after he had left the city, to test if it could be seen by any of Dr. Fahnestock's clairvoyants at Lancaster].

Subject: Mrs. E. She had never been in Baltimore in her life, and after she had entered the state, it was necessary, as I was not acquainted with the location of the house, for him to convey her in thought to the appointed place. Having done so, I requested her to describe the room, which she did to his satisfaction; and as the thing to be looked at was to be at or about the timepiece, I directed her attention to it, and desired her to look whether there was anything about the clock which did not belong to it. She said she saw something dark there, which looked like a bottle, but that she felt as if she were going backwards, and could not keep herself there long enough to see it distinctly. This being the case, and finding that her mind was wandering about the city, I directed her to look about the city, and after I had taken her to the Washington Monument and various other places of interest, I desired her to go back to the clock again, and to go up to it, and to take the article which she before described as being a dark bottle into her hands, and to examine it minutely, so that she could be certain as to what it really was.

After having done so, she declared that she now saw it distinctly, and stated that " it was a dark bottle, about the length of her index finger, and was suspended by a white string, lied about its neck, that it was empty, and had no cork".

The gentleman left Lancaster for Baltimore the next day, and when he returned he stated that, as he approached the house of his friend in Baltimore, where the thing to be looked at was to be placed, he saw his friend at the door, and as he came up to him his friend immediately asked him to tell what he had seen placed near the clock. After he had related the circumstances, and told what the lady said, his friend produced the bottle, which had been suspended at the time agreed upon, and which, to their mutual astonishment, they now saw she had described to the very letter. The gentleman brought the bottle with him to Lancaster, with a piece of the white string still attached, and after it was shown to Mrs. E. she declared that it was the very same which she had seen suspended in Baltimore.

The bottle is of a very dark brown colour, and looks nearly black when not held up between the light and the eye, of a peculiar shape, and not easily mistaken. It is about the length of an index finger, and was empty, and without a cork or stopper.

A purer case of actual clairvoyance could not be desired, because there was no person in the room that knew or had any suspicion of what might be placed there.

Some good instances of apparent clairvoyance or telepathic clairvoyance on the part of a hypnotised subject are also to be found in Somnolism and Psycheism, by Joseph W. Haddock, M.D. (London, 1851).