The ceiling in this room, a glimpse of which may be seen in the illustration, is elaborately decorated with rococo scrolls, framing medallions, in two of which are portrait heads. The entire house bears evidence of the wealth of the lords of the Manor.

Illus. 418. - Mantel and Doorways in Manor Hall, Yonkers.

Illus. 419. - Mantel in Manor Hall, Yonkers.

Illustration 418 shows the mantel in the chamber over the East parlor, also beautifully carved with flowers and fruit and scrolls, after the fashion of the period. The three feathers above were an indication of loyalty to the crown, as they were placed there years before the division of parties for the King and the Prince of Wales, when the use of the three feathers meant allegiance to the latter. Over the doors is a carved scroll with the broken pediment, and a small scroll in the centre.

Illustration 419 shows another mantel in Manor Hall of a less ornate type, very dignified and fine with its simple pilasters and the smaller ones at the sides of the panel. The cornice over the doors is one that was used often in fine houses. These doorways and mantels are restored, but the greater part was intact or simply out of repair. Illustration 420 shows the beautiful panelled arch to the doorway, and the stairs in Independence Hall in Philadelphia, with a glimpse of the frame of the window upon the landing. The balusters are plain and substantial, with a mahogany rail, and the rise of the stairs is very gradual. The thickness of the wall allows wide panels in the inside of the arch, and the doorway and the pillars at the side are of imposing height.

Illus. 420. - Doorway and Stairs, Independence Hall.

Illus. 421. - Stairs at "Graeme Park," Horsham.

Illustration 421 shows the stairway at "Graeme Park," the house built in 1722 by Sir William Keith, Governor of Penn's Colony, at Horsham, Pennsylvania. The place is named from Dr. Graeme, who married the step-daughter of Gov. Keith, and occupied the house after 1727. Gov. Keith lived here in great style, with a large household, as his inventory implies, with "60 bedsteads, 144 chairs, 32 tables and 15 looking-glasses." The discrepancy between the number of bedsteads and looking-glasses is accounted for by the price of glass, and the probability that many of the sixty occupants of the bedsteads were servants or slaves, whose toilet was not important, and who did not live in the mansion, but in the outbuildings around it. The house was built in accordance with the manner of life of the Governor, and contained large rooms, handsomely panelled and finished in oak, unpainted. The stairs in Illustration 421 are all of oak, stairs, balusters, and rail, and are of an entirely different style from the twisted balusters and newels of the northern seaport towns, but of a solidity and simplicity that is attractive.

Illus. 422. - Mantel and Doorways, Graeme Park.

Illustration 422 shows the side wall of a chamber at Graeme Park, also of oak. The fireplace is surrounded by tiles, and the chimney-piece is panelled above, but there is no shelf. The doorways at each side of the mantel are charming, with the arch above and the semicircular window. The old hinges and latches are still upon the doors.

The doorway in Illustration 423 is from the Chase house in Annapolis, Maryland, and is in a room with several doors and windows, all with their deeply carved frames, painted white, with solid mahogany doors, and hinges and latches of silver. The heavy wooden inside shutters have large rosettes carved upon them, and the effect of all this carving is extremely rich. The Chase house was built in 1769, by Samuel Chase, afterwards a Signer of the Declaration of Independence, and Associate Justice of the Supreme Court. It was sold soon after its completion, but in 1847 came back into the possession of Chase descendants, and finally, in 1888, it was left by will to found the Chase Home for Aged Women, together with furniture and china, much of which still remains there. A looking-glass from this house is shown in Illustration 374. The door latch of solid silver is of the shape of handles shown in Illustration 11, letter F.

Illus. 423. - Doorway in Chase House, Annapolis.

Illustration 424 shows the noble entrance from the outer hall to the inner hall with the stairs, at "Cliveden," in Germantown, Pennsylvania. The house was built in 1761 by Chief Justice Benjamin Chew, and is now owned by Mrs. Samuel Chew.

Illus. 424. - Entrance and Stairs, "Cliveden.".

Illus. 425. - Mantel in Cliveden, Germantown.

Cliveden was famous for its entertainments, and during the Revolutionary War was the scene of the Battle of Ger-mantown, when the house was seized by the British. The marks of bullets may still be seen in the wall at the right of the illustration. One of the daughters of Chief Justice Chew was the lovely Peggy Chew, who was one of the belles of the Mischi-anza fete, where Major Andre was her knight.

Cliveden had many famous guests - Washington, Lafayette, JohnAdams, and others, who came to Philadelphia while it was the seat of the administration. The door at the right of the stair in Illustration 240 opens into a parlor, the mantel in which is shown in Illustration 425. It is plain, but attractive for its simplicity.

Illus. 426. - Fretwork Balustrade, Garrett House, Williamsburg.

The balustrade in Illustration 426 is in the house of the Misses Garrett in Williamsburg, Virginia, and is in a Chinese fretwork design. There is one with the same fretwork in the Paca house in Annapolis, and probably of the same date, about 1765. The winding staircase in Illustration 427 is in the house now occupied by the Valentine Museum, in Richmond, Virginia. It was built about 1812, and was given to the city for a museum, by the Valentine family. It is a very good example of the stairway known as a "winder." Illustration 428 shows a beautiful mantel in the residence of Barton Myers, Esq., in Norfolk, Virginia. The mantel is in the Adam style, with festoons of flowers and scrolls beneath the shelf, in applied ornaments, and long lines of the bell-flower, looped in graceful lines upon the panel. The chandelier is brass, of about 1850-1860.

Illus. 427. - Stairs, Valentine Museum, Richmond.

Illus. 428. - Mantel in Myers House, Norfolk.