In relation to furniture upholstery had more to do with chair and settee coverings than with curtains, hangings, etc., but the fabrics used for these articles were often the same as those used for hangings. In England in the time of Queen Elizabeth it had become usual for chairs to be provided with squab cushions, and early in the seventeenth century fixed upholstery began to be used in the houses of the wealthy ; but it was not until the middle of the century that padded and upholstered seats and backs were at all common. In the luxurious times of the Restoration, and especially after the establishment of the silk industries in Spitalfields, silks, velvets and brocades of the most gorgeous kind became fashionable, and under the influence and example of Queens Mary and Anne, needlework, especially gros point and petit point, became almost a rage. In early Georgian times fabrics of less expensive kinds, such as serge, mohair and horsehair, and later on leather, were used for chairs and settee coverings, but all the rich coverings mentioned continued to be used throughout the eighteenth century.