A sleep-walker resembles a hypnotized person, as is well known, and a somnambulist will do a large amount of work and will accomplish wonderful feats while perfectly unconscious. The resemblance between these two states is so marked that one of the states of hypnotism has been called "artificial somnambulism."

Dr. Moll divides spontaneous natural somnambulism into three stages. First, that in which the sleeper speaks. Second, that in which he makes all sorts of movements but does not leave his bed. Third, that in which he gets up and walks about, and performs the most complex actions.

Dr. Moll says, comparing the phenomena of natural sleep with those of hypnosis, "As regards the phenomena of natural sleep my ex-perience is that the persons who are the most restless in natural sleep, who talk and throw themselves about, are the most inclined to lively movements in hypnosis." He cites the following from Liebault, Max Simon, Charpignon, and Brierre de Boismont.

"Hypnotic suggestion finds an analogy in sleep. Of course the effect of dreams upon the organism is not so easy to observe as is the effect of suggestion, since most dreams are forgotten. However, I shall mention some of these analogous cases. Persons who dream of a shot and wake up in consequence, continue to hear the reverberation clearly after they awake. Others after waking feel a pain of which they have been dreaming. I shall merely mention certain phenomena which resemble these, the dreams which are continued into waking life, which may be compared to continuative post-hypnotic suggestions. There are well-known dream-pictures which are not recognized as dreams, and which are taken for reality after waking."

Fere cites a case in which hysterical paraplegia was induced: "A girl dreamed for several nights that men were running after her. She grew daily more exhausted, and the weakness of her legs increased till a hysterical paraplegia of both legs declared itself." It seems to me that the hysteria may have been the cause of the dream in Fere's case, instead of the result of it.