This section is from the book "Beverages And Their Adulteration Origin, Composition, Manufacture, Natural, Artificial, Fermented, Distilled, Alkaloidal And Fruit Juices", by Harvey W. Wiley. Also available from Amazon: Beverages And Their Adulteration.
In regard to the actual number of bacteria in water, experts also differ as to the point at which the water should be condemned. Some authorities fix the limit at 300 organisms per cubic centimeter, while others think this is too high, and fix a much smaller number, namely, from 50 to 100. Others of perhaps equal authority extend the limits and say that the water may contain as much as 1,000 bacteria per cubic centimeter. It would be advisable if the lawmakers, after consulting with competent and unprejudiced experts in this matter, should fix upon a maximum limit and regulate it by law. Otherwise, there must of necessity be continual discussions respecting the number of bacteria the water may have before it should be condemned. There is abundant evidence to show that when water is properly filtered through sand, the number of bacteria which it contains will fall even below the lowest limit mentioned above. Water that contains not to exceed 25 organisms per cubic centimeter may be regarded as typical of what water should be, though it may contain much larger numbers without being open to condemnation.
 
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