Varnish For Wood-Work

Powdered gum sandarch eight parts, gum mastic two parts, seed-lac eight parts, and digest in a warm place for some days with alcohol twenty-four parts, and finally, dilute with sufficient alcohol to the required consistence.

Dark Varnish For Light Woodwork

Pound up and digest shellac sixteen parts, gum sandarach thirty-two parts, gum mastic (juniper eight parts, gum elemi eight parts, dragon's blood four parts, annotto one part, with white turpentine sixteen parts, and alcohol two hundred and fifty-six. Dilute with alcohol if required.

Varnish For Instruments

Digest seed-lac one part, with alcohol seven parts, and filter.

Varnish For The Wood Tots Of Spa

Tender capal, 75 parts; mastic, 12.5; Venice turpentine, 6.5; alcohol, of 95 per cent, 100parts by measure; water ounces, for example, if the other parts be taken in ounces. The alcohol must be first made to act upon the copal, with the aid of a little oil of lavender or camphor, if thought fit; and the solution being passed through a linen cloth, the mastic must be intoduced. After it is dissolved, the Venice turpentine, previously melted in a water-bath, should be added; the lower the temperature at which these operations are carried on, the more beautiful will the varnish be. This varnish ought to be very white, very drying, and capable of being smoothed with pumice-stone and polished.

Black Varnish For Harness

Digest shellac twelve parts, white turpentine five parts, gum sandarach two parts, lampbluck one part, with spirits of turpentine four parts, alcohol ninety-six parts.

Boiled Oil Or Linseed-Oil Varnish

Boil linseed oil sixty parts, with litharge two parts, and white vitriol one part, each finely powdered, until all water is evaporated. Then set by. Or, rub up borate of manganese four parts, with some of the oil, then add linseed oil three thousand parts, and heat to boiling.

Dammar Varnish

Gum dammar ten parts, gum sandarach five parts, gum mastic one part, digest at a low heat, occasionally shaking, with spirits of turpentine twenty parts. Finally, add more spirits of turpentine to give the consistence of syrup.

Common Varnish

Digest shellac one part, with alcohol seven or eight parts.

Varnishes For Balloons, Gas Bags, Etc

1. India rubber in shavings one ounce; mineral naphtha two lbs.; digest at a gentle heat in a close vessel till dissolved, and strain. 2. Digest one pound of Indian rubber, cut small, in six pounds of oil of turpentine for 7 days, in a warm place. Put the mixture in a water bath, heat until thoroughly mixed, add one gallon of warm boiled drying oil, mix, and strain when cold. 3. Linseed oil one gallon; dried white copperas and sugar of lead, each three ounces; litharge eight ounces; boil with constant agitation till it strings well, then cool slowly and decant the clear. If too thick, thin it with quicker drying linseed oil.

Gold Varnish

Digest shellace sixteen parts, gum sandarach, mastic, of each three parts, crocus one part, gum gamboge two parts, all bruised, with alcohol one hundred forty four parts. Or, digest seed-lec, sandarach, mastic, of each eight parts, gamboge two parts, dragon's blood one part, white turpentine six parts, turmeric four parts, bruised, with alcohol one hundred twenty parts.

Wainscot Varnish For House Painting And Japanning

Anime eight pounds; clarified linseed oil three gallons; litharge one-fourth pound; acetate of lead one-half pound; sulphate of copper one-fourth pound.

All these materials must be carefully but thoroughly boiled together untill the mixture becomes quite stringy, and then five and a half gallons of heated turpentine stirred in. It can be easily deepened in color by the addition of a little gold-size.

Iron Work Black

Put 48 lbs. asphaltum into an iron pot, and boil for 4 hours; during the first 2 hours, introduce 7 lbs. litharge, 3 lbs. dried copperas, and 10 galls. boiled; add l-8th lb. run of dark gum, with 2 galls. hot oil. After pouring the oil and gum, continue the boiling 2 hours, or until it will roll into hard pills, like Japan. When cool, thin it off with 30 galls. turpentine, or until it is of proper consistence.

Black Japan Varnish

Bitumen, 2 ounces; lampblack, 1 ounce; Turkey umber, 1/2 ounce; acetate of lead 1/2 ounce; Venice turpentine, 1/2 ounce; boiled oil, 12 ounces. Melt the turpentine and oil together, carefully stiring in the rest of the ingredients, previously powdered. Sim-met all together for ten minutes.

Tinware is japanned with Colored Copal Varnish, and then baked in an oven until the varnish becomes perfectly dry and hard. Varnishes may be colored with any of the pigments used in oil painting.

Leather Varnish

Durable leather varnish is composed of boiled linseed oil, in which a drier, such as litharge, has been boiled. It is colored with lampblack. This varnish, is used for making enamelled leather. Common leather varnish, which is used as a substitute for blacking, is made of thin lac-varnish colored with ivory black.

Varnish For Smooth Moulding Patterns

Alcohol, 1 gall.; Shell Lac, 1 lb.; Lamp or Ivory Black, sufficient to color it.

Fine Black Varnish For Coaches

Melt in an Iron pot, Amber, 32 ozs.; Resin, 6 ozs.; Asphaltum, 6 ozs.; Drying Linseed Oil, 1 pt.; when partly cooled add Oil of Turpentine, warmed 1 pt.